Our research addresses emerging health system issues critical for policymakers, healthcare professionals, and researchers in health policy and systems research. We provide essential insights for strategic programmatic and policy decisions. The HFP division's study, “Assessing the Financial Burden of Multimorbidity Among Patients Aged 30 and Above in India,” analyses the financial impact of multimorbidity in this age group. Using National Sample Survey 75th Round data, it examines multimorbidity prevalence, healthcare utilization, out-of-pocket expenditure, and catastrophic health expenditure. The findings highlight unique aspects of multimorbidity, offering a deeper understanding of its financial implications. Further, HFP's on-going research “Assessment of Health Systems Efficiency in India” aims to evaluate and improve healthcare resource use across states, enhancing overall health system performance.